Explore your options
There are lots of routes you can take after 16. Here's a plain guide to the main qualifications — what they are, who they suit, and which organisations near you offer them.
Apprenticeships
Apprenticeships combine paid work with study, so you earn a salary while gaining a nationally recognised qualification. They run from Level 2 (GCSE-equivalent) up to Level 7 (master's-equivalent) and usually take one to five years. A great route if you learn best by doing and want to step straight into a career.
Learn more →T Levels
T Levels are two-year technical qualifications taken after GCSEs, broadly equivalent to three A Levels. They combine classroom learning with a substantial industry placement of at least 45 days, so you build real workplace skills. Ideal if you have a clear career area in mind and want a mix of study and hands-on experience.
Learn more →Vocational Technical Qualifications (VTQs)
Vocational Technical Qualifications (VTQs) are practical, career-focused courses that develop skills for specific industries. They come in a range of sizes and levels and can lead to employment, an apprenticeship or higher education. A good route if you prefer applied learning to written exams.
Learn more →A Levels
A Levels are two-year academic qualifications, usually taken in three or four subjects. They are the traditional route to university and keep your options broad. Best suited to students who enjoy academic study and exams.
Learn more →Supported Internships
Supported internships are structured study programmes for young people aged 16–24 who have an Education, Health and Care (EHC) plan. Based mainly with an employer and supported by a job coach, they help you build skills and confidence and move towards paid employment.
Learn more →BTEC Diplomas
BTEC Diplomas are vocational qualifications that blend coursework and practical projects in a chosen subject area. Available at different levels and sizes, they can sit alongside or instead of A Levels and lead to university, apprenticeships or work. Suited to students who prefer continuous assessment to final exams.
Learn more →Cambridge Nationals
Cambridge Nationals are vocational qualifications usually taken at Level 1/2, mixing practical tasks with some exams. They build sector-specific knowledge and transferable skills, and can progress to further study such as A Levels or technical courses.
Learn more →Cambridge Technicals
Cambridge Technicals are Level 3 vocational qualifications designed with employers for students aged 16 and over. They focus on practical, industry-relevant skills and can lead to university, apprenticeships or employment — a strong alternative or complement to A Levels.
Learn more →Volunteering
Volunteering after leaving school may not be paid work, but can help you to gain valuable skills and experience which will look great on your CV or university application and help you decide if that industry or role is right for you. There are also some opportunities to earn a qualification whilst volunteering.
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